What Are the Causes of Oral Cancer?

Oral cancer is a type of cancer that develops in the tissues of the mouth or throat, including the lips, tongue, cheeks, gums, roof or floor of the mouth, and even the tonsils or salivary glands. Understanding the causes, identifying early signs, and seeking timely treatment can make a significant difference in outcomes. 

What is Oral Cancer?

Oral cancer occurs when abnormal cells grow uncontrollably in the oral cavity or oropharynx. It is part of a broader group of cancers known as head and neck cancers. While oral cancer can be life-threatening if not diagnosed and treated early, advancements in detection and treatment have significantly improved patient outcomes. Dr. Sonneveld emphasizes the importance of regular self-checks and professional evaluations for early diagnosis.

What are the Causes of Oral Cancer?

Several factors increase the risk of developing oral cancer. These include:

• Tobacco Use: Smoking cigarettes, cigars, or pipes, as well as using smokeless tobacco, is the leading cause of oral cancer.
• Alcohol Consumption: Excessive alcohol intake can damage oral tissues, especially when combined with tobacco use.
• Human Papillomavirus (HPV): Certain strains of HPV, particularly HPV-16, are linked to oropharyngeal cancers.
• Sun Exposure: Prolonged exposure to the sun increases the risk of lip cancer.
• Poor Oral Hygiene: Chronic irritation from poorly fitting dentures or untreated dental issues can contribute to oral cancer development.
• Genetic Predisposition: A family history of cancer may increase susceptibility.

Dr. Sonneveld advises patients to minimize these risk factors whenever possible and schedule regular dental check-ups to monitor oral health.

What are the Early Signs of Oral Cancer?

Early detection is critical for successful treatment. Be vigilant for the following signs and symptoms:

• Persistent sores or ulcers in the mouth that do not heal within two weeks.
• Red or white patches on the gums, tongue, or mouth lining.
• Lumps or thickening of tissue in the mouth or throat.
• Difficulty chewing, swallowing, or speaking.
• Chronic hoarseness or sore throat.
• Unexplained weight loss or ear pain.

Performing monthly self-checks is a proactive way to detect abnormalities. Use a mirror and good lighting to inspect your mouth for changes. If you notice anything unusual, consult a specialist immediately.

How is Oral Cancer Treated?

When detected early, oral cancer is highly treatable. Treatment options depend on the stage and location of the cancer and may include:

• Surgery: Removal of the tumor and affected tissues.
• Radiation Therapy: Targeted radiation to destroy cancer cells.
• Chemotherapy: Medication to eliminate or shrink cancer cells.
• Targeted Therapy: Drugs designed to target specific cancer cell abnormalities.

Dr. Sonneveld underscores the importance of a multidisciplinary approach, which may involve surgeons, oncologists, and rehabilitation specialists. Regular follow-up care is crucial to monitor recovery and prevent recurrence.

Oral cancer is a serious condition, but early diagnosis and treatment can save lives. Regular self-checks, awareness of risk factors, and prompt medical attention for suspicious symptoms are essential steps toward prevention and effective management.

Take the Next Step

If you have further questions about oral cancer, we encourage you to schedule a consultation at Faces Fort Worth. Call us at (817) 927-1818 or fill out our online contact form. We look forward to taking care of you.